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Language

C++

Paradigmsobject-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming, functional programming, procedural programming, generic programming
Typing disciplinepartial inference typing, nominative typing, static typing
First appeared1983
Designed byBjarne Stroustrup
DeveloperBjarne Stroustrup
Typemulti-paradigm programming language, procedural programming language, generic programming language, functional programming language, free-form language, compiled language, object-based language, programming language
Influenced byML, CLU, ALGOL 68, Simula, C, Ada
Latest versionC++23
File extensionsc, cc, c++, h, cxx, h++, hh, hpp, hxx, cpp
Websiteisocpp.org

Sources: Wikidata (CC0) · Wikidata Q2407

Operating systems · 67

Operating systemDeveloperFirst releaseLicense
3CX Phone System——end-user license agreement
AndroidGoogle—Apache Software License 2.0, GNU General Public License, version 2.0
Android CupcakeGoogle——
BadaSamsung Electronics—proprietary license
BeOSBe Inc., Jean-Louis Gassée, Cyril Meurillon, Jean-Baptiste Maurice Quéru, Benoit Schillings, Dominic Giampaolo, Steve Sakoman—proprietary license
Berry Linux———
BlackBerry OSBlackBerry1999proprietary license
BridgeOSApple Inc.—proprietary license
ChromeOSGoogle—proprietary license
ChromiumOSGoogle2009BSD licenses
CyanogenModCYNGN Inc.2009Android Open Source Project, Apache License, GNU General Public License
DSLinux——GNU General Public License
ECos——eCos-2.0
EMUIHuawei—proprietary license
Escape——GNU General Public License, version 2.0
Firefox OSMozilla Foundation, Mozilla Corporation—Mozilla Public License, Apache License, free license
FreeNOS——GNU General Public License, version 3.0
FuchsiaGoogle—Apache License, MIT License, 3-clause BSD License
Ghost——GNU General Public License, version 3.0
HaikuMichael Phipps, Haiku Inc.2002MIT License
IOSApple Inc.2007proprietary license
IOS 13Apple Inc.2019proprietary license
IOS 14Apple Inc.2020—
IOS 17Apple Inc.2023—
IPadOSApple Inc.2019proprietary license
LineageOS—2016GNU General Public License, version 2.0, Apache License
LynxOSLynx Software Technologies——
MacOSApple Inc.2001BSD licenses, proprietary license, Apple Public Source License
MacOS ServerApple Inc.1999proprietary license, commercial software
MeeGoLinux Foundation, Intel, Novell, Nokia, AMD—GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later
Meta Horizon OSMeta Platforms——
Microsoft WindowsMicrosoft1985proprietary license
MiosixFederico Terraneo2009GNU General Public License
MIUIXiaomi—GNU General Public License, version 3.0, Apache Software License 2.0
MonaOS——MIT License
Newton OSApple Inc.——
Nintendo Switch system softwareHAL Laboratory, Nintendo2017proprietary license
Nokia X———
NOSAlien Internet Services——
OpenHarmonyHuawei, OpenAtom Foundation2020Apache Software License 2.0
OpenTXBertrand Songis—GNU General Public License
OpuntiaOS——2-clause BSD License
Orthanc——GNU General Public License, version 3.0
OSv——BSD licenses
Palm OSPalm, Inc., Access—proprietary license
Plasma MobileKDE—GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1, GNU General Public License, version 2.0, GNU Library General Public License, version 2.0
QP——GNU General Public License
Resurrection Remix OS—2012—
RIOTMartin Lenders, Benjamin Valentin, Alexandre Abadie—GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1
Roku OSRoku, Inc.2004—
Sailfish OSJolla——
SerenityOSAndreas Kling—2-clause BSD License
SkiftOS——MIT License
SolarisSun Microsystems, Oracle Corporation1991proprietary license
SymbianSymbian Foundation, Nokia, Symbian Software—proprietary license
TizenIntel, Linux Foundation, Samsung Group, Tizen Association—Apache Software License 2.0, Flora License
Tomato——GNU General Public License
Turkix———
TWRP——GNU General Public License
UbuntuCanonical Ltd.2004—

Programming languages · 51

LanguageParadigmsFirst appearedDeveloper
3DMLW———
4th Dimensionprocedural programming19844D SAS
Ampersand——Jason Kerama
Analyticaarray programming1992—
AngelScriptimperative programming, procedural programming, object-oriented programming2003—
AspectC++aspect-oriented programming——
Asymptoteimperative programming2004—
AutoHotkey——AutoHotkey Foundation LLC
Basic For Qtprocedural programming, object-oriented programming——
Caméléonfunctional programming2009—
Carbon—2020Google
Charm++——Sam White, Eric J. Bohm, Evan Ramos, Kavitha Chandrasekar
CLACLlogic programming2000—
Croc—2006—
Envelop———
Falconobject-oriented programming, procedural programming2003—
FAUSTpurely functional programming2002—
Flowcode———
FreeFem++——Frédéric Hecht, Pierre Jolivet, Pierre and Marie Curie University
Gambas—1999Benoît Minisini
GAP—1986—
GNU Octavearray programming1988John W. Eaton
Graphics Layout Engine———
HiAsm———
HPCCdeclarative programming——
JModelica.orgdeclarative programming——
KTurtle———
KuMir——Scientific Research Institute of System Development
Leanfunctional programming2013Microsoft Research, Leonardo de Moura
Light.vn———
Mathematicafunctional programming, array programming1988Wolfram Research
MATLAB—1984MathWorks, Cleve Moler
MiniZincconstraint programming2009Monash University
NScripter——Naoki Takahashi
NScripter2——Naoki Takahashi
OpenCLobject-oriented programming, imperative programming, structured programming, generic programming2009Khronos Group
Ozobject-oriented programming, constraint programming, concurrent computing, prototype-based programming, imperative programming, functional programming, multi-paradigm programming1991—
Phoenix Object Basicobject-oriented programming, component-based software engineering, imperative programming——
Pipeline Pilot——BIOVIA
Python for S60object-oriented programming—Python Software Foundation
Ringobject-oriented programming, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, declarative programming2016Mahmoud Samir Fayed
Root—1995CERN
Scilabarray programming—Dassault Systèmes
Stan———
Stencyl—2011Jonathan Chung
Strongtalkobject-oriented programming2002—
Swiftobject-oriented programming, functional programming, declarative programming, multi-paradigm programming, block-structured programming, imperative programming2014Chris Lattner, Apple Inc.
VSXuvisual programming language2004—
Wiringobject-oriented programming2003—
WxBasic———
XML User Interface Language—1999Mozilla Foundation

Programming languages · 37

LanguageParadigmsFirst appearedDeveloper
Adastructured programming, object-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming, imperative programming1980Jean Ichbiah, S. Tucker Taft
AngelScriptimperative programming, procedural programming, object-oriented programming2003—
ATSdeclarative programming, functional programming2006Boston University
Ballerinaconcurrent computing2017WSO2
Beefobject-oriented programming——
C#object-oriented programming, strict programming, functional programming, event-driven programming, reflective programming, generic programming, structured programming, class-based programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming2001Microsoft
Carbon—2020Google
Cilk++—2008—
Dfunctional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming2001Walter Bright, D Language Foundation
Delphiobject-oriented programming1995Anders Hejlsberg
Game Maker Languageimperative programming1999Mark Overmars
GNU Eobject-oriented programming1991—
Haxeobject-oriented programming, multi-paradigm programming, functional programming, generic programming2005Simon Krajewski, Cauê Waneck, Haxe Foudation, Nicolas Cannasse
HolyC———
Incr Tclobject-oriented programming, event-driven programming, functional programming, imperative programming1993Michael McLennan
Itkmulti-paradigm programming1993—
Javaobject-oriented programming, generic programming, component-based software engineering, concurrent object-oriented programming, class-based programming, imperative programming, structured programming, functional programming, reflective programming1995Sun Microsystems, Oracle Corporation, James Gosling
JS++generic programming, functional programming, structured programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming2011—
Karel++———
Luaprocedural programming, prototype-based programming, functional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, object-oriented programming1993Roberto Ierusalimschy
Luna—2011—
Nimmetaprogramming, concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, macro metaprogramming, object-oriented programming2008—
Perlmulti-paradigm programming1987The Perl Foundation, Larry Wall
PHPimperative programming, functional programming, procedural programming, reflective programming, object-oriented programming1995Rasmus Lerdorf, Zeev Suraski, Andi Gutmans, Perforce Zend, PHP Group
Powerscriptobject-oriented programming1992PowerSoft Corp.
Qoreobject-oriented programming, procedural programming—David Nichols
Rubyreflective programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming1995Yukihiro Matsumoto
Rustgeneric programming, concurrent computing, procedural programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming2006Mozilla, Rust Foundation, Graydon Hoare
Squirrelobject-oriented programming, class-based programming, imperative programming, procedural programming2003—
Swiftobject-oriented programming, functional programming, declarative programming, multi-paradigm programming, block-structured programming, imperative programming2014Chris Lattner, Apple Inc.
URBI—2003—
Urbiscriptobject-oriented programming——
Valaimperative programming, object-oriented programming, structured programming2006Jürg Billeter
Varphi Languageimperative programming, functional programming, object-oriented programming, procedural programming, reflective programming2025—
Wolfram Languagefunctional programming, imperative programming, multi-paradigm programming, array programming, declarative programming, object-oriented programming1988Stephen Wolfram, Wolfram Research
X++——Microsoft
Zigimperative programming, functional programming, procedural programming, concurrent computing, generic programming2015Andrew Kelley