| Citrine | procedural programming, object-oriented programming | 2014 | — |
| Elvish | — | — | — |
| Jakt | — | 2022 | Andreas Kling |
| Jim Tcl | — | — | — |
| Miranda | declarative programming, purely functional programming | 1985 | — |
| Netwide Assembler | — | 1996 | Hans Peter Anvin |
| Njs | — | — | Nginx, Inc. |
| Pony | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| Ruby | reflective programming, functional programming, imperative programming, object-oriented programming | 1995 | Yukihiro Matsumoto |
| SWI-Prolog | — | 1987 | Jan Wielemaker |