| B | procedural programming | 1969 | Ken Thompson, Bell Labs |
| B4X | — | — | — |
| Babbage | procedural programming, structured programming | 1971 | — |
| BACAIC | — | 1955 | — |
| BAL | — | — | Olivetti |
| Ballerina | concurrent computing | 2017 | WSO2 |
| Baltazar | — | 1993 | Soukup Graphic Programming Systems |
| Baltie | — | — | Soukup Graphic Programming Systems |
| BANCStar programming language | — | 1990 | — |
| BASIC | object-oriented programming, imperative programming, non-structured programming, procedural programming | 1964 | John George Kemeny, Thomas E. Kurtz, Mary Kenneth Keller |
| BASIC A+ | — | 1983 | Optimized Systems Software |
| Basic For Qt | procedural programming, object-oriented programming | — | — |
| BASIC Programming | — | — | Warren Robinett |
| Basic Sound Extension | — | — | — |
| BASIC-8 | — | — | — |
| BASIC-F | — | 1984 | — |
| BASIC-G | — | 1983 | — |
| BASIC-I | — | 1983 | — |
| BASIC-PLUS | imperative programming | 1970 | Digital Equipment Corporation |
| BASIC09 | — | — | Microware |
| Basic4android | — | — | — |
| Basic4GL | procedural programming | — | — |
| Basic4ppc | procedural programming | — | — |
| BasicX | — | — | — |
| BBC BASIC | — | 1981 | Sophie Wilson |
| Bc | — | 1975 | — |
| BCPL | structured programming, procedural programming, imperative programming | 1967 | — |
| BeanShell | object-oriented programming | 1999 | — |
| Beatnik | stack-oriented programming, esoteric programming | — | Cliff L. Biffle |
| Beef | object-oriented programming | — | — |
| BEFLIX | — | — | Ken Knowlton |
| Befunge | esoteric programming | 1993 | — |
| BETA | object-oriented programming | 1992 | Kristen Nygaard |
| Bidule | — | — | — |
| Biological Expression Language | — | — | — |
| Birkbeck Assembler | — | 1950 | — |
| Bistro | object-oriented programming | 1999 | — |
| BitC | procedural programming | — | Johns Hopkins University |
| BKEngine | — | — | — |
| BLISS | imperative programming, structured programming, procedural programming | 1970 | Carnegie Mellon University |
| Blitz BASIC | imperative programming, object-oriented programming | 2000 | — |
| Blitz2D | — | — | — |
| Blitz3D | — | — | — |
| BlitzMax | — | — | — |
| BlitzPlus | — | — | — |
| Blockly | — | 2012 | Beka Westberg, Rachel Fenichel, Ellen Spertus |
| Bloom | — | — | — |
| BlooP and FlooP | — | 1979 | — |
| Blue | — | 1997 | — |
| Bluespec, Inc. | — | 2003 | — |
| BNR Prolog | constraint logic programming | 1988 | Bell-Northern Research |
| Boehm unnamed coding system | — | 1951 | — |
| Bogus | — | 2012 | — |
| Boo | object-oriented programming | 2003 | Rodrigo B. De Oliveira |
| Boomerang | — | 2008 | Benjamin C. Pierce |
| Bosque | functional programming | 2019 | Microsoft Research |
| Bourne shell | — | 1979 | Stephen R. Bourne |
| BPEL script | — | — | — |
| BQN | array programming | 2020 | — |
| Brainfuck | esoteric programming, imperative programming | 1993 | Urban Müller |
| Brutus2D | procedural programming | — | — |
| Bs | — | — | Apple Inc. |
| BSASPEC | multi-paradigm programming | 2004 | Microsoft Research |
| Bubble | — | — | — |
| Business Intelligence Markup Language | — | — | Varigence |
| Business Process Execution Language | — | 2003 | — |