| VenenuX | — | — | — |
| Vietlinux | — | — | — |
| Vine Linux | — | — | — |
| Vitalinux | — | — | — |
| VLOS | — | — | — |
| Void Linux | — | 2008 | BSD licenses, free software, ISC license |
| Volumio (music player) | — | — | open-source software, GNU General Public License |
| Vyatta | Brocade Communications Systems | — | GNU General Public License |
| Wando OS | — | — | — |
| WattOS | — | — | — |
| White Box Enterprise Linux | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Whonix | — | 2012 | GNU General Public License |
| Wienux | — | — | — |
| Wifislax | — | — | — |
| Wifiway | — | — | — |
| Wind River Linux | — | — | — |
| WindexOS | — | — | — |
| Winux | — | — | — |
| Wombat OS | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Xandros | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Xarnoppix | — | — | — |
| Xbox Linux | — | — | — |
| XCP-ng | — | — | GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later |
| Xenon Linux | — | — | — |
| Xenta OS | — | — | — |
| Xero Linux | — | — | — |
| Xevuan | — | — | — |
| Xinux | UZINFOCOM | — | GNU General Public License |
| Xubuntu | Canonical Ltd., Ubuntu Foundation | 2006 | — |
| Yanux | Luch Scientific Production Association | — | — |
| Yellow Dog Linux | Fixstars Solutions | — | GNU General Public License |
| Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X | Yggdrasil Computing | — | — |
| Yocto Project | — | 2011 | — |
| YOPER | — | — | — |
| YOUrOS | — | — | — |
| YunoHost | — | — | GNU Affero General Public License, version 3.0 |
| Zentyal | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Zenwalk | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Zephix | — | — | — |
| ZevenOS | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| Zorin OS | Zorin Technology Group Ltd. | 2009 | GNU General Public License |
| Ångström distribution | — | — | GNU General Public License |
| ΜClinux | — | — | — |