| Language | First appeared | Developer |
|---|---|---|
| PQL | 2014 | — |
| Prolog | 1972 | — |
| Pure | 2008 | — |
| QML | 2009 | Qt Project |
| Ring | 2016 | Mahmoud Samir Fayed |
| SequenceL | 1989 | — |
| SIGNAL | — | — |
| SMT-LIB | — | — |
| SPARQL | 2008 | Eric G. Prud'hommeaux, Carlos Buil Aranda |
| SQL | 1974 | International Organization for Standardization, Donald D. Chamberlin, Raymond F. Boyce |
| Swift | 2014 | Chris Lattner, Apple Inc. |
| Wolfram Language | 1988 | Stephen Wolfram, Wolfram Research |
| XACML | — | OASIS |
| XOD | 2016 | — |
| XProc | — | — |
| XQuery | 2007 | — |
| XSLT | 1999 | World Wide Web Consortium |